Abstract

This study develops an augmented reality (AR) application to simulate the assembly and operation of a conventional milling machine (CMM) in real time, targeting engineering students and related fields. Using the Unity® graphics engine, Blender® modeling system, and VuforiaTM AR platform, the application is designed for Android devices. The CMM at ECCI University, Medellín, was chosen as the model for this simulation. A similar computer–aided design (CAD) model was obtained from GrabCAD and modified in Blender® to match the actual machine, with its main components separated for detailed visualization. The application includes two interfaces: one that displays an automatic machining process transforming a cube into a staircase while highlighting main parts, and another that allows users to interactively control machine movements through on-screen buttons. Performance tests under laboratory conditions showed stable operation with an average frame rate of 59.8 ± 0.5 frames per second (FPS) and response latency of 0.21 ± 0.04 s, confirming responsiveness and stability. The results indicate that the AR application provides an effective, interactive, and reliable tool for small study groups and research seedbeds, enhancing technical understanding through immersive practice.

Keywords

Augmented reality, Milling machine simulation, Engineering education, Interactive learning, Virtual machining.

Cite this article

Guevara-Muñoz A, Sierra AES, Palencia CAT, Galvis-Holguin S, Cardona-Mancilla C. Implementation of a digital shadow of a milling machine in an augmented reality environment for basic machining training. International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration. 2026;13(134):36-46. DOI : 10.19101/IJATEE.2025.121220728

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