International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration ISSN (Print): 2394-5443    ISSN (Online): 2394-7454 Volume-13 Issue-138 May-2026
  1. 4774
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  2. 2.8
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Optimization of process parameters in WAAM of SS347 stainless steel using the double-pulse GMAW method

S. Vignesh1, S. Suresh Kumar2 and M. Armstrong3

Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil-626126,Tamil Nadu,India1
Department of Mechanical Engineering,Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil-626126,Tamil Nadu,India2
Department of Mechanical Engineering,PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli – 627451,Tamil Nadu,India3
Corresponding Author : S. Suresh Kumar

Recieved : 07-July-2025; Revised : 22-May-2026; Accepted : 23-May-2026

Abstract

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) offers a cost-effective solution for fabricating complex metal components; however, optimizing its process parameters remains critical for achieving desirable mechanical properties. This research focuses on optimizing the input parameters for the WAAM of SS347 stainless steel using the double-pulse gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method. The study employed Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array to investigate the effects of travel speed (7–9 mm/s), wire feed rate (2.9–4.9 m/min), and shielding gas flow rate (10–20 lpm) on the Rockwell Hardness, B Scale (HRBW) of the fabricated components. The experimental results demonstrated that travel speed had the most significant influence on hardness, with higher travel speeds resulting in improved hardness values. The optimal process parameters were identified as a travel speed of 7 mm/s, a wire feed rate of 4.9 m/min, and a shielding gas flow rate of 20 lpm, which yielded a maximum hardness of 88 HRBW. Regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between travel speed and hardness, whereas the wire feed rate showed a negative influence on hardness. The findings provide valuable insights into process optimization for enhancing the mechanical performance of WAAM-fabricated SS347 components intended for high-performance applications. Under the optimized process conditions, the fabricated SS347 components exhibited significant improvements in mechanical behavior, including an ultimate tensile strength of approximately 545 MPa, impact toughness of about 128 J, and an average microhardness of nearly 240 Vickers hardness (HV). These enhancements were attributed to the formation of a refined dendritic austenitic microstructure.

Keywords

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), SS347 stainless steel, Double-pulse GMAW, Process parameter optimization, Rockwell hardness, Taguchi method.

Cite this article

Vignesh S, Kumar SS, Armstrong M. Optimization of process parameters in WAAM of SS347 stainless steel using the double-pulse GMAW method. International Journal of Advanced Technology and Engineering Exploration. 2026;13(138):835-848. DOI : 10.19101/IJATEE.2025.121220927

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